Happy birthday to a friend who might like cribbage even more than I do, and that's saying something. I have played for as long as I can remember. We had a board in the top basket which hung between our kitchen and dining room. It was always a treat when one of my parents would reach up to grab it (it was almost all the way to the ceiling and well out of my reach) and take down the board and deck of cards so we could play.
Cribbage was invented in the early 1600s by Sir John Suckling, an English courtier, poet, gamester and gambler. It derives from the earlier game of Noddy. It is similar with a couple exceptions. In Noddy, there are only three cards dealt to each player, no discard, and hence no crib. The turn-up card is counted in both players' hands. Game is 31 points.
Originally the five card cribbage game was played where only one card was discarded to the crib by each player. Now the six card game is more popular with two cards each being discarded to the crib.
Cribbage was immortalized in Charles Dickens's, the Old Curiosity Shop, with the exploits of Richard Swiveller and his self named Marchioness. Richard Swiveller, a somewhat eccentric young man, who liked standing on his head in fits of high emotion, one day observed someone peeping through the keyhole at him at the place where he worked. On suddenly opening the door he found a young girl, dressed in rags, and a prisoner and slave to his employers. Richard Swiveller befriended the girl, who he named the Marchioness, and taught her how to play cribbage. (There is a wonderful picture from an illustrated edition showing Richard Swiveller, with top hat on and beer tankard by his side, expansively looking on at his pupil, the Marchioness, with the caption 'The Marchioness, holding her cards tight in both hands, considered which to play'.
Later on, overcome with emotion at recent events, Richard Swiveller takes to his bed seriously ill. On waking he thinks he is still in a dream as he sees the Marchioness, (who having escaped is now nursing him), playing cribbage by herself until he notices that she has omitted to take the two points for a knave and he shouts '2 for his heels!'. The Marchioness jumps up with joy and they live happily ever after playing cribbage into the long winter evenings.
Though the popularity has waned, Cribbage is known throughout the world. In the United States and Canada there are many cribbage leagues and clubs in existence, and it is the only game which you can play in an English pub for money. It has also been introduced into Russia with a native Russian (a national orienteering champion and at one point ranked 16th in the world) far preferring it to Durak, their national card game.
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